Occupant-Centric key performance indicators to inform building design and operations

Building performance indicators are widely used to guide building design and track benchmark operational performance. Traditional mostly focus on the energy efficiency perspective. As occupants primary service recipients in residential most commercial buildings, their comfort wellbeing crucial. This study first identified significant attributes of occupant-centric key (KPIs) analyzed diverse factors that should be considered formulating an KPI. Then a suite KPIs were synthesized from review enhancement existing occupant-related metrics. The proposed occupant represent lens three integrative aspects performance: resource use (including water), indoor environmental quality, human–building interactions. A simulation-based case was conducted demonstrate how can quantify impacts operation changes occupants’ point view.Highlights Occupant-centric metrics currently ad hoc limited, yet crucial inform operations.Literature reviewed reveal state-of-the-art gaps metrics.A covering five groups services synthesized.Proposed demand, health, interactions.A using whole simulation evaluating operations during power outage.